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    SB to a young Soldier - Westfront 1944/45

    Hello !

    A few members have asked me, what my interests in collecting are, so I thought I will try to show some examples.
    I am most interested in SBs or other docs, related to Walküre/Gneisenau units (Alarm units from the Ersatzheer/replacement army),
    and to find infos on their role to stop the Allied advance in the West in autumn 1944.
    These units existed in any size, from whole divisions (Div.Nr. 176, 180, 190, 462 etc.) to Btl. size.
    These Btls./Rgts. often had cryptic designations, either refering to the WK, where they were raised (e.g., A/V, D/V, 1/XII etc.),
    but also additions can be found, like Gren.EuA.-Btl. 167(W) [(W) for Walküre, WK VI] or Art.Ers.Rgt 22(K) [(K)=Kampf ?! for WK X] etc.

    This SB is not exactly of a Walküre unit, but closely related, because the training compartments of the recon units in the West
    (redesignated as Schnelle Abteilungen), were also transferred from the Ersatzheer to the Field Army in late July 1944.
    (This SB is at least relatively well researched, the other examples still need a lot of work to do. I hope the Forum software will work long enough ... )

    This is probably one of the "easiest" Soldbuchs I have, but it still poses many questions :
    1.) There is no entry for a weapon at all ?! (although there was plenty of time).
    2.) He was posted to a "Genesenden-Marsch-Kp." XII/246/2, but no entry at all on the hospital pages ?
    3.) How long did he stay with 246. VGD in 1945, when was he posted to his replacement unit and did he ever return to 246. VGD ?!
    4.) Finally : He became POW to the US forces. The POW number seems very low. Is there any explanation ?

    Here is a quick overview on the SB (for anybody interested, I'll post some more details after the SB pages) :
    Bruno Werner was born on 13.10.25 and drafted (only 17 years old) to Aufklärungs-Ersatz-Abt. 10 in Königsbrück (WK IV) in July, 1943.
    In August 43, he was transferred to the Ausbildungs compartment of this unit, which had been redesignated as:
    Schnelle Abteilung 504, first under command of Schnelle Brigade 20 and later an element of Regiment von Fritschen.

    Schnelle Abt. 504 was located in Heerenveen and Joure (Netherlands) in 1943 and moved to Castricum and Uitgeest in spring 1944.
    In July/Aug. 44, it was given the task of coastal defense in an area west of Haarlem/Amsterdam, (Abt. 504 S of Ijmuiden).
    - The unit was thrown into battle on 30.8.44, S of Mesmont, 15km N of Rethel. It then supported the retreat of LXXX. AK. at Sedan,
    Margut, and in Luxemburg.
    - From 15.9.-22.9. it took part in the Battle of Wallendorf and helped containing and reducing the American bridgehead there.
    - From 8.10.-17.12.44, it took part in the Aachen battles, NE of Würselen (late Oct., it was redesignated I./Gren.Rgt. 404 [246. VGD])
    - In late December 1944, 246. VGD took part in the Battle of the Bulge.
    At some time in Jan./Feb. 1945, Bruno Werner was posted to a Genesenden-Marsch-Kp. of Gren.EuA-Btl. 72.
    What happened after that, is still unclear to me (see questions above).

    Awards : Inf.Sturmabz. (silber), EK 2

    I hope you like the Soldbuch and any comments are very welcome !

    Best regards,

    Archi


    I'll start with the SB pages, and first his photo and his awards :
    Attached Files

    #2
    Next pages :
    Attached Files

    Comment


      #3
      Equipment entries, no weapon entry at all ??
      Attached Files

      Comment


        #4
        Further equipment and immunizations :
        Attached Files

        Comment


          #5
          Finally : Security checks and Wehrsoldgruppe :
          (all other pages are completely empty, except a check for TdF on p. 9/10)
          Attached Files

          Comment


            #6
            1.) Training and service with Schnelle Abteilung 504 until August 1944 :

            At the start of the war, the recon units of the 1st wave infantry divisions consisted of a mounted Schwadron (company) on horses,
            a bicycle Schwadron and a fully motorized heavy Schwadron (sometimes with 2-3 PzSpw.).Later in the war, most of the infantry recon units
            were simply equipped with bicycles only. However, due to their cavalry tradition, their first rank would still be : "Reiter" !

            As this topic is rarely covered, I'll show some examples of those "Truppenfahrrads" below. It seems, that after his basic training,
            Bruno Werner stayed with the Nachrichten-Staffel of Schnelle Abteilung 504. As usual, these training units of the Wehrmacht, located
            in the West in 1942-1944, had to combine their training tasks with security and guard duties.
            Schnelle Abt. 504 was part of: "Schnelles Regiment von Fritschen", which consisted of Schn.Abt. 503, 504, 506 (last number= WK origin).
            Each Abt. consisted of 3 companies, equipped with ~30 MGs (German, Polish, French origin), a few mortars, some Pak (light and hy.)
            and Flak of different calibers.

            Rgt. Fritschen was located in Heerenveen and Joure (Netherlands) in 1943 and moved to Castricum and Uitgeest in spring 1944.
            In July/Aug. 44, it was given the task of coastal defense in an area west of Haarlem/Amsterdam, (Abt. 504 S of Ijmuiden).
            There is some interesting info on this unit in a book on the 10. Reiter-Rgt. by Pulkowski, with photos of such a bicycle Schwadron and
            also of the Stab of this unit (Oblt. Krust signed several entries in this SB) :
            Attached Files

            Comment


              #7
              2.) First commitment in late August, 1944 :

              On 23.8., the unit was relieved from coast guard duties and started to entrain on 24.8. to support the Western Front. After some confusion,
              it arrived at Charleville (Maas) on the 30.08.44, derailing on open track and moving into positions S of Mesmont, 15km N of Rethel.
              The task was to shield the right flank of the retreating LXXX. A.K. (Kdr. Gen. Bayer).

              Already on the next day, Schnelle Abteilung 504 and Bruno Werner would experience their baptism of fire :
              On the 31. August, heavy artillery shelling was followed by an attack of tanks and infantry. Rgt. Fritschen suffered heavy losses and
              was forced to retreat around noon.
              On the following days, the Rgt. von Fritschen had to retreat (via) Meziers, Sedan, Stenay, Montmedy and reorganize. On the 7.9.44, the
              renewed attack from the US. forces resulted in fierce battles at Margut (were several US tanks were destroyed in close combat) and Virton
              and finally in delaying actions towards Mersch, Christnach (Luxemburg) and Echternach and finally the Westwall (reached on 11.9.44).

              >> Around the time the 5th US Armored Division liberated Luxemburg, a very stunning photo was taken, which I would just like to share :
              (Source is Melchers, Luxemburg 1944-1945)<<
              There are no details on that photo given in that book, but perhaps, someone has seen it and can share some information !
              Attached Files

              Comment


                #8
                interesting soldbuch Archi, i sold one of the 506 months ago. great presentation!

                Comment


                  #9
                  3.) Battle of Wallendorf (14.-23.9.44) :

                  After the retreat, Schn. Rgt von Fritschen took positions around Echternach, but soon became involved in the battle of Wallendorf.

                  IMO, this battle is a perfect example, regarding the questions I'm interested in :
                  3.a) Why didn't the Allied Assault achieve a successful breakthrough at the "Westwall" in Sept. 1944 ?
                  3.b) What was the role of those "Walküre" units, in assisting that STOP ?

                  - From the Aliied point of view, the answer is probably the lack of a clear center of gravity (here, the forces of US V corps (4th and
                  28th Inf.Div. and 5th Arm. Div. all attacking/probing different areas of the Westwall), in addition with general supply problems and
                  an underestimation of the remaining strength of the German forces, after given some time to reorganize.

                  - From the German view point, a major contribution was the rise of the Walküre units from the replacement army. It allowed the relief of
                  experienced troops from defense duties, to make them available for counter attacks, led by experienced commanders. In addition, those
                  Walküre units supplied much nedeed manpower for those worn down units, that in September only existed by name. At several occasions, those
                  Walküre units were committed to battle themselves and often, the resistance they put up exceeded, what one would have expected from such
                  a hastily formed "Alarm-unit". That is, what I find interesting and worth looking at !
                  I did put a lot of time into the formulation of this section. Any criticism, thoughts or additional input
                  would be very appreciated !

                  --------
                  In the Battle of Wallendorf, the major actions were led by KGr. Hauser (remants of Pz-Lehr-Division), which however had onyl Btl. strength
                  and only had about 12 Panther and Pz IV tanks at hand. It was assisted by the remnants of 5. Fsjg.Div. (I'll show another group, related
                  to this), 2. Pz.Div., Pz.Brig 108 (a Walküre unit !), Rgt. von Fritschen and other Alarm units from the replacement army (see maps).

                  After the delay in Luxemburg, that was used for rest and refit, US 5th Armored Div. renewed its attack and crossed the river Sauer at Wallendorf,
                  during daytime on the 14.9.1944. Wallendorf was defended by a unit "Alarm-Bataillon Trier", led by Hauptmann Heutelbeck. It had been organized
                  at Trier from ~200 stragglers and was supported by an Artillery battery of 4 guns, which however was operated by soldiers, with a general
                  lack of artillery training.

                  Although the men of Alarm-Btl. Trier fought with tenacity, (acknowleged also by the Allied side [MacDonald, Siegfried Line, p. 58]), the
                  men of CCR, later supported by 112th Inf.Rgt. could successfully build a bridgehead and expand it to the East beyond Wettlingen, coming
                  as close as ~10km to Bitburg, a major traffic junction and only ~100km away from the River Rhine.

                  The German High command immediately noticed the danger and threw everything in, that was somehow available : Gren.Rgts. of 19. and 36. VGD
                  from the South, 1 Btl. of Rgt. von Fritschen, Flak units from Bitburg were committed in ground combat, and several small Pz.Vernichtungstrupps
                  were formed by 5. Fsjg.Div., to attack (and try to confuse) the US forces.

                  As a result, the advance of the 5th Pz.Div. could be halted on Sept. 16th. On the following days, with further reinforcements coming in, e.g.
                  Pz.Brig. 108 (very well equipped, poorly trained), XXIII. Fest.Inf.Btl. 999, relieving Rgt. Fritschen at the Echternach area, which then in turn
                  was also fully committed to combat, the bridgehead could be further reduced and finally eliminated on 22.9.44.

                  Schnelles Rgt. Fritschen and Bruno Werner then took positions between Wallendorf and Ammeldingen and had two relatively quiet weeks,
                  before they were replaced by Gren.Rgt. 165 on the night from 6./7. Oct. and sent into combat again, to LXXXI.AK., NE of Aachen.
                  Attached Files

                  Comment


                    #10
                    Interesting story and research, thanks for showing!

                    Comment


                      #11
                      4.) 2nd Battle of Aachen

                      Schn. Rgt. von Fritschen arrived at roem. 81. AK. with a combat strength of 1868 men (Abt. 504 : 609 men) on the 7.Oct. It came under control
                      of 49. Inf.Div. and was given the task of a counterattack on the next day, to regain Alsdorf, (15km NE of Aachen, 7km N of Würselen).
                      On the 8. Oct., with the US 117th Inf.Rgt (30th US Inf.Div.) attacking first, a complicated battle evolved. At the end of the day,
                      both sides suffered heavy losses and the frontline remained roughly unchanged. Rgt. Fritschen reported losses of 548 men, of which
                      Schnelle Abteilung 504 alone had : 10 KIA, 54 MIA, and 43 wounded (18% on a single day!).

                      Over the following days, Schnelles Rgt von Fritschen was able to hold its positions and the Allied offensive petered out.
                      On the 21. Oct., the Rgt. reported a strength of 1064 men. Around that time, it was decided, that the remnants of 49. ID should be merged
                      into 246. VGD and filled up with other units. Therefore, Rgt. Fritschen was used to rebuild Gren.Rgt 404, with Abt. 504 now becoming I./404
                      and 506 becoming II./404, while Schnelle Abt. 503 was used to form the Rgt.HQ and 13. and 14. Kp.
                      You can find much more information on these battles in the excellent book by Timm Haasler : Westwall series, part 2: "Die 2. Aachen-Schlacht".
                      (numbers and photo are from this book).

                      In the photo, please note the pithead stocks (of coal), near Mariagrube and SW Alsdorf, (which were used as
                      observation points for the artillery) and the huge number of shell craters.
                      Attached Files

                      Comment


                        #12
                        5.) 3rd Battle of Aachen (16. Nov.- 17. Dec. 1944)

                        In Nov., Rgt 404 was moved South, to an area between Hongen and Euchen (see map). When Operation Queen commenced on 16. Nov.,
                        the battalion of Bruno Werner, I./404, was driven back to Warden and came under control of 3. Pz.Gren.Div. the next day (map).
                        The regiment had heavy losses over the next days and on th 20.11. was down to a combat strength of 100 men and was finally withdrawn
                        to Koslar around 22.11. (Similar applies for the other rgeiments of 246. VGD). At Koslar reinforcements arrived, mainly from Luftwaffe soldiers.
                        From around 28.11. onward, Rgt. 404 was sent into action again, first near Koslar, early December sent to an area S of Jülich, to attack on Inden.
                        A very detailed account of the actions there can be found online (Report of Emil Weib, [should be: Weiß]:
                        https://www.google.de/url?sa=t&rct=j...1RxRA7HQVSJv5R
                        During the night from 17. to 18 Dec., 246. VGD was withdrawn from the frontline and was sent south, to the area of Gemünd,
                        ~15 km E of Monschau.
                        Attached Files

                        Comment


                          #13
                          6.) Battle of the Bulge
                          I have very little info on 246. VGD in late Dec. 44/January 45. Most of the following info (and the map) is taken from a great book :
                          Doug Nash, Victory was beyond their grasp (history of 272. VGD).

                          On Dec. 19th, 246. VGD was ordered to take over the positions of 272. VGD, to give it some rest and time to incorporate new replacements.
                          However, the last elements of 272. VGD were only relieved by 23./24. December. Only a few days later, 272. VGD would return to
                          their old positions between Simmerath and Schmidt, while the 246. VGD would be shifted to the left, and took positions E of Monschau,
                          to relieve 326. VGD.

                          In Jan. 1945, the 246. VGD must have seen a lot of combat. At the end of the month all 3 Rgt. had only 1 understrenghth Btl. left. (2nd scan)
                          Perhaps, during some of these battles, Bruno Werner was wounded ?!

                          Any hint on further infos/books, covering 246. VGD in these battles would be great !
                          Attached Files

                          Comment


                            #14
                            very mice and interesting soldbuch and great presentation!!!
                            thanks
                            Oriano

                            Comment


                              #15
                              7.) Return to Replacement unit and beyond :

                              His last unit in the SB is: Genesenden-Marsch-Kp. XIII/246/2, (probably in February 45). Whether this unit was sent to the front again,
                              and whether he ever arrived there, I do not know.
                              The only info I found, regarding the last part of his career, are the dated entries on the equipment pages, 5.2.45, 22. and 27.2.45.
                              It is only known, that the Gen.Marsch-Kp. XIII/246/1 was sent to the front around 4. Feb. 45.

                              At some time he became a POW with number : 31G 735130. So it seems Bruno Werner was lucky enough to survive the war.
                              I do not know yet, whether this number can be somehow related to the unit that captured him ? Any hint or advice would be appreciated.

                              Here ends the long story on a short, but interesting career of Gefreiter Bruno Werner, who in the age of only 18, already had seen lot of combat.
                              Thanks for looking and any comments are welcome !

                              Archi
                              Attached Files

                              Comment

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