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    Denison Smock Camouflage Mystery?

    For some time now, I have been attempting to find out - not heresay but proof - as to how the camouflage was applied to the Denison smock during the war. I have tried every institution in the UK including at-a-distance the National Archives. No obvious documents exist online at the NA and I was unable to get to London.

    This began on a Canadian forum. I was a bit too quick to state that it was hand applied. Other posters then convinced me that it was screen printed. However since this debate, I have been informed by a few in-the-know with screen printing that to reproduce so many different brush strokes on material would be vertually impossible. To date I have yet to see a smock with the pattern repeated. I have also compared hundreds of photos of smocks and every brush stroke is different. This would be impossible - in my mind- to create by screen printing or mechanical printing of the time. There would eventually be a repeat to the pattern as the largest screen or drum would create at most a printed piece of material 5-6 feet square. You would obviously then get repetition.

    The ones in support of screen printing stated it would simply take too long to do it by hand. However I have been told that to print several colours in the fashion they had during the war on such small sheets of material, would also probably be very difficult to achieve and take just as long as hand application.

    Then there are films of textile industry during the war brought to my attention in Australia showing hundreds of women hand applying camouflage to material.

    So I would like to ask if anyone on this forum can produce absolute proof either way? I have heard every opinion, but no one has yet made any substantiated comments. I find it interesting that it has been such a mystery. Even what info I could find on Denison production only states that it will be dyed with vat dyes in the approved pattern - nothing else?

    If you have the info, would love to hear it.

    #2
    Hi Ken,

    I think the old story about the very early pieces Is probably true. There Is no eveidence that any form of screen or stencil was used and in extreme cases these smocks can look as though they have had a bucket of ink spilt on them. As regards later pieces I suspect some form of stencil was used along with hand application. Bear with me for a minute here; could It be possible that modular stencil kits were provided that could be locked together in 100's of different permutations hence the dearth of repeats? If the cloth was then dyed in small runs and the stencills changed for the next run this would explain a lot.

    As regards repeats, this does happen but fairly scarcely. I have owned 5 or 6 smocks over the years that showed this trait so perhaps this only happens If a smock Is entirely assembled from 1 run of cloth.

    Yours, Guy.

    Comment


      #3
      Denison Smocks

      Hi Guy

      I personally have no doubt that the early smock - 1942-mid 43 were hand dyed. You are correct to zero in on the late 43-50's smocks. You could be right, that a combination of methods could be used. I would love to speak to someone who was involved with the dye process. However, while I know the names of many companies that made smocks, I very highly doubt that they dyed the material. If I could locate the name of the - or a - textile company that did this and where it was located, I could advertise in a local paper to see if any surviving workers can recall. Thanks for your observations.

      I have had dozens of smocks and have photos of literally a hundred or so examples from museums, collections, vets etc. and not one brush stroke is the same. This includes at least 6 examples of a CWS smock and the same number of Frankenstien smocks. The repeat you noticed, must be fairly scarce.

      Regards

      Ken


      Originally posted by Beau Brummel. View Post
      Hi Ken,

      I think the old story about the very early pieces Is probably true. There Is no eveidence that any form of screen or stencil was used and in extreme cases these smocks can look as though they have had a bucket of ink spilt on them. As regards later pieces I suspect some form of stencil was used along with hand application. Bear with me for a minute here; could It be possible that modular stencil kits were provided that could be locked together in 100's of different permutations hence the dearth of repeats? If the cloth was then dyed in small runs and the stencills changed for the next run this would explain a lot.

      As regards repeats, this does happen but fairly scarcely. I have owned 5 or 6 smocks over the years that showed this trait so perhaps this only happens If a smock Is entirely assembled from 1 run of cloth.

      Yours, Guy.

      Comment


        #4
        Hi Ken,

        Good luck with your quest, I really hope you manage to locate someone who can shed light on this. It Is something that has fascinated me for years but I too have been unable to find where and by whom the cloth was dyed. I think the midlands Is as good a place as any to start with companies like waerings being located there. The company who supplied closures (newey goodman) are i believe still extant but weather their company history would reveal anything Is very tenuous. I am kicking myself as a couple of years ago I sold the only example of a denison I have seen made in my city (Norwich). As Norwich Is so small that may have yielsded some clues. My hard drive went phut before Christmas taking with It a large proportion Of my label images and I am unable to remember the manufacturer (idiot).

        I have attatched a few pics of examples i have owned that show a repeat. The 59's are probably no real use but the 46 cloth I would say used exactly the same processes as wartime examples. Hope they help a bit.

        Yours, Guy.
        Attached Files
        Last edited by Beau Brummel.; 04-10-2008, 02:21 PM.

        Comment


          #5
          2.
          Attached Files

          Comment


            #6
            3
            Attached Files

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              #7
              Smocks

              Hi Guy

              Thanks for the photos. I am not really sure if the post war smocks were made in the same way? The later examples you pictured actually look screen printed and are not as sporadic as the early examples. They dont have those fine streaks from the brush stroke. Anyway will continue to try to unlock this mystery,


              Thanks

              Ken



              Originally posted by Beau Brummel. View Post
              3

              Comment


                #8
                Agreed, on the 59's although many are still finished by hand I believe. However the 46 pattern I show was made in exactly the same way as the wartime pieces I am sure and shows a repeat so that seems to suggest some form of stencil, screen was used. Look forward to seeing what you uncover.

                Yours, Guy.

                Originally posted by force136 View Post
                Hi Guy

                Thanks for the photos. I am not really sure if the post war smocks were made in the same way? The later examples you pictured actually look screen printed and are not as sporadic as the early examples. They dont have those fine streaks from the brush stroke. Anyway will continue to try to unlock this mystery,


                Thanks

                Ken

                Comment


                  #9
                  I've just had a look at my smocks, I had assumed that they were roller or screen printed like a lot of WW2 German camo. The 1942 definately appears to be hand applied, some areas look like, as Guy said, someone has spilt a bucket of ink on them. The later ones (45/48) I would say were still done with some sort of hand process, the patterns and colours are quite different. One has quite solid blocks, the other very distinct 'brush' marks. I am sure I've seen a pic in a book somewhere of camo being applied to fabric but I can't think where. I'll have a ponder.
                  Lee

                  Comment


                    #10
                    hand applied camo

                    Hi Lee

                    If you can produce that photo and a source, that would be great!


                    Ken

                    Originally posted by Old Smelly View Post
                    I've just had a look at my smocks, I had assumed that they were roller or screen printed like a lot of WW2 German camo. The 1942 definately appears to be hand applied, some areas look like, as Guy said, someone has spilt a bucket of ink on them. The later ones (45/48) I would say were still done with some sort of hand process, the patterns and colours are quite different. One has quite solid blocks, the other very distinct 'brush' marks. I am sure I've seen a pic in a book somewhere of camo being applied to fabric but I can't think where. I'll have a ponder.
                    Lee

                    Comment


                      #11
                      Ken, perhaps one of the original manufacturers is still in business (Dunlop?).
                      I can draw up a list if you wish.

                      Cheers, Luc

                      Comment


                        #12
                        Hi Luc

                        I have managed to locate a few companies that manufactured the smock. I am awaiting replies. However I really doubt that the manufacturer in the label actually dyed the material. I am sure this was done by another firm. Anyway will see,

                        thanks

                        Ken

                        Originally posted by lnijherald View Post
                        Ken, perhaps one of the original manufacturers is still in business (Dunlop?).
                        I can draw up a list if you wish.

                        Cheers, Luc

                        Comment


                          #13
                          Does anybody know if replica Denisons come in a repeating camo pattern? If they don't, it may be a good idea to contact them as well.

                          Cheers, Luc

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